In quantum mechanics, Bell's inequalities stated in 1964 by John Stewart Bell are relations that measurements on entangled states must respect in the hypothesis of a local deterministic theory with hidden variables.
It was demonstrated experimentally in 1982 that they are systematically violated in EPR cases, which forces us to abandon one or more of the following three assumptions on which Bell's inequalities are based:
- The principle of locality: Two distant objects cannot have an instantaneous influence on each other, which amounts to saying that a signal or an influence cannot propagate at a speed greater than a limiting speed which is finds to be the speed of light in vacuum.
- Causality: The state of the particles is determined solely by their experience, that is to say their initial state and all the influences received in the past.
- The realism which in the spirit of Bell's original article means that the individual particles are entities which possess their own properties conveyed with them.
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